Triple Helix no Japão

Outro artigo do Professor Loet.

Dessa vez ele mensura a economia do conhecimento por meio do triple helix (veja no post anterior) no Japão, comparando posteriormente com o Canadá. O método de mensuração é baseado nas publicações científicas e na co-autoria destas, a fim de que possamos observar as interrelações entre indústria, academia e governo (por exemplo, se um membro do governo escreve um artigo científico com um cientista da academia, temos um link observado entre ambos – o agregado de todas as co-autorias em vários anos pode nos informar sobre o que está acontecendo no ambiente de inovação do país).

“International co-authorship relations and university-industry-government (“Triple Helix”) relations have hitherto been studied separately. Using Japanese (ISI) publication data for the period 1981-2004, we were able to study both kinds of relations in a single design. In the Japanese file, 1,277,823 articles with at least one Japanese address were attributed to the three sectors, and we know additionally whether these papers were co-authored internationally. Using the mutual information in three and four dimensions, respectively, we show that the Japanese Triple-Helix system has continuously been eroded at the national level. However, since the middle of the 1990s, international co-authorship relations have contributed to a reduction of the uncertainty. In other words, the national publication system of Japan has developed a capacity to retain surplus value generated internationally. In a final section, we compare these results with an analysis based on similar data for Canada. A relative uncoupling of local university-industry relations because of international collaborations is indicated in both national systems.”

A Economia do Conhecimento (Triple Helix) na Hungria

Uma das áreas de pesquisa mais aclamada dentro da economia do conhecimento é o modelo Triple Helix, sobre a interrelação entre governo, academia e empresas.

Esse artigo é o mais novo que o Prof. Loet Leydesdorff, um dos autores da teoria, publicou: 

 How can the knowledge base of a transition economy be measured? Building on previous studies in the Netherlands and Germany, we combine the perspective of regional economics on the interrelationships among geography, technology, and organization with the triple-helix model of university-industry-government relations, and use the mutual information in three dimensions as an indicator of the configurations. Our data consists of firms categorized in terms of sub-regions (proxy for geography), industrial sector (proxy for technology), and firm size (proxy for organization). The results indicate that the knowledge base of Hungary is strongly differentiated in terms of regions. Budapest and its agglomeration are central to the country on every indicator. In the north-western part of the country, foreign-owned companies and FDI disturb an etastistic triple helix dynamics which is still dominant in the eastern part of the country. However, the national level seems no longer to add to the synergy among the regional innovation systems. Further analysis of the knowledge-intensive services and its high-tech components reveals that the transition from the planned economy to integration in the European common market is not yet completed.